ഭാരതത്തിലെ എല്ലാപ്രദേശങ്ങളിലും വളരുന്നതും കൃഷിചെയ്യുന്നതുമായ സസ്യമാണ് ചേന. ഇത് ഒരു കിഴങ്ങുവര്‍ഗ്ഗത്തില്‍ പെട്ട പച്ചക്കറിയാണ്. ഒരില മാത്രമുള്ള സസ്യമാണ് ചേനയുടെ കാണ്ഡത്തില്‍ നിന്നും ഒരു തണ്ട് മാത്രം വളര്‍ന്ന് ശരാശരി 75 സെ.മീ. മുതല്‍ നീളത്തില്‍ അറ്റത്ത് ഇലയായി രൂപാന്തരം പ്രാപിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. വളര്‍ച്ച പൂര്‍ത്തിയാകുമ്പോള്‍ തണ്ട് വാടി കരിഞ്ഞ് പോവുകയും ആ സ്ഥാനത്ത് ഒരു പൂവ് ഉണ്ടാവുകയും ഏകദേശം 25 മുതല്‍ 30 സെ.മീ. ഉയരത്തില്‍ വളരുകയും ചെയ്യും. മഞ്ഞ നിറത്തിലുള്ള പൂവിന്റെ അറ്റത്ത് തവിട്ട് നിറം കാണപ്പെടുന്നു. ചേന പാകമാകുമ്പോള്‍ തിളക്കമാര്‍ന്ന ചുവപ്പ് കലര്‍ന്ന നിറത്തിലായിരിക്കും പൂവ് കാണപ്പെടുക.നല്ല നീര്‍വാര്‍ച്ചയുള്ള മണ്ണാണ് ചേനക്കൃഷിക്ക് യോജിച്ചത്. ഇടവിളയായി തെങ്ങിന്‍ തോപ്പുകളില്‍ ചേന വിജയകരമായി കൃഷി ചെയ്യാം. ചേന നടാന്‍ ഏറ്റവും യോജിച്ച സമയം ഫെബ്രുവരി – മാര്‍ച്ച് മാസങ്ങളാണ്. വിത്ത് നട്ട് 6-7 മാസം കൊണ്ട് ചേന വിളവെടുക്കുവാനാകും.ചേന നടാനായി 60 സെ.മീ. നീളവും, വീതിയും, 45 സെ.മീ. ആഴവുമുള്ള കുഴികള്‍ 90 സെ.മീ. അകലത്തില്‍ എടുക്കുക. മേല്‍മണ്ണും ചാണകവും ( കുഴിയൊന്നിന് 2 മുതല്‍ 2.5 കി.ഗ്രാം ) നല്ല പോലെ ചേര്‍ത്ത് കുഴിയില്‍ നിറച്ച ശേഷം ഇതില്‍ ഏകദേശം 1 കി.ഗ്രാം തൂക്കം വരുന്നതും ഒരു മുളയെങ്കിലും ഉള്ളതുമായ വിത്ത് നടാം. ചേനയുടെ തണ്ട് നിന്ന ഭാഗത്തെ ശീര്‍ഷമായി കരുതി എല്ലാ വശങ്ങള്‍ക്കും ഒരു ചാണ്‍ നീളമുള്ള ത്രികോണാകൃതിയില്‍ മുറിച്ച കഷ്ണമാണ് നടീല്‍ വസ്തു. നടാനുള്ള ചേനക്കഷണങ്ങള്‍ ചാണകവെള്ളത്തില്‍ മുക്കി തണലത്ത് ഉണക്കിയെടുക്കണം. നിമാവിരകളുടെ ആക്രമണം നിയന്ത്രിക്കുന്നതിനായി വിത്തുചേന Bacillus macerans എന്ന ബാക്ടീരിയല്‍ മിശ്രിതവുമായി യോജിപ്പിക്കണം( 3 ഗ്രാം/കി.ഗ്രാം വിത്ത് ). നട്ടശേഷം ചപ്പുചവറുകള്‍ കൊണ്ട് പുതയിടണം. ഒരു ഹെക്ടര്‍ സ്ഥലത്ത് നടുന്നതിന് ഏകദേശം 12 ടണ്‍ ചേന വിത്ത് വേണ്ടിവരും ( 12,000 കഷണങ്ങള്‍ ). നട്ട് ഒരു മാസമാകുമ്പോള്‍ ഇവ മുളയ്ക്കാന്‍ തുടങ്ങും.
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